HLTA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Optometry, Allopathic Medicine, Flexner Report
Document Summary
Health care systems: allopathic (cure by opposites, originally trained by apprenticeship, no academic or scientific training, humours as a source of illness, treatments often brutal. Irregular doctors: midwives (standards), homeopaths (reg. docs competition), barber-surgeons (lower- class), bone-setters, apothecaries, eccentrics (herbal remedies) Professionalization and dominance: early days: humoral theory, heroic medicine, apprenticeship system of training doctors, plenty of competition, rise of science: testing hypotheses in controlled experiments, apprenticeship replaces by system of medical schools. Eventually linked to universities and based on science, lectures, clinical practice, exams before licensing. 1832: 1st medical school in montreal mcgill. 1842: 2nd medical school in toronto u of t. Low standards until flexner report (1910) brought big reform. Mass of people who were not able to read. Advances: hand-washing, antibiotics i(cid:374)troductio(cid:374) i(cid:374) the (cid:1005)94(cid:1004)"s. Ontario medical act (1869: created the college of physicians and surgeons of ontario. Included eclectics until 1874, and homeopaths until 1960.
