MGEA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Fixed Cost, Wage Labour, Marginal Product

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crimsonraccoon916

27 Oct 2017

School

UTSC

Department

Economics for Management Studies

Course

MGEA02H3

Professor

Jack Parkinson

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MGEA02H3 Full Course Notes

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Mgea02h3 lecture 14 maximizing in a perfect competition. Lecture 14 will also cover chapter 12 of the microeconomics textbook. The focus of this lecture is to delve into the maximization of perfectly competing functions. To find the maximizing profit in a perfectly competitive market, the following condition is necessary and must be in effect: profit, , must equal the total revenue the total cost. When wanting to look at how profit changes with respect to quantity, (cid:449)e(cid:859)(cid:396)e (cid:396)eally deali(cid:374)g (cid:449)ith the fu(cid:374)(cid:272)tio(cid:374)(cid:859)s slope. We want to change the equation above to look at the change in profit divided by the change in quantity. These slopes are referred to as the marginal curves: in in quantity = ( in total revenue i(cid:374) (cid:395)ua(cid:374)tity(cid:895) ( in total cost in quantity) In simpler terms, the marginal net revenue = the marginal revenue the marginal cost. The firm will continue to produce if the marginal revenue is greater than the marginal cost.

Related Questions

Suppose Wendy's Coffee Factory produces and sells in a perfectly competitive market. At Wendy's current level of production, she is producing the profit-maximizing level of coffee. At this quantity the average total cost of a pound of coffee is $5 and marginal revenue is $7. Given this information, what will be the long run equilibrium price of a pound of Wendy's coffee?

A) Greater than $7 (B) $7 (C) Between $5 and $7 (D) $5 (E) Less than $5.

Therefore, which of the following is not true for a firm in perfect competition?

A) Marginal revenue equals the change in total revenue from selling one more unit. (B) Profit equals total revenue minus total cost.

Any help would be appreciated, thanks!

raspberrycrow658

1-7 True or False

1) In the short run, a perfectly competitive firm can earn positive, zero, or negative profit depending on the market price of the firm's output.

2)In the model of the perfectly competitive firm, the firm's fixed costs are equal to its implicit costs of production.

3)Assume the market price is greater than average total cost at the perfectly competitive firm's profit-maximizing level of output. In this case, the firm is earning positive economic profits, which act as an incentive for new firms to enter the market.

4)Assume that at the current level of output, price equals marginal revenue, but is less than average total cost. So long as price is greater than average variable cost, the firm should continue to operate in the short run to minimize its losses.

5)The fact that a firm is a price-setter does not ensure it will make a positive economic profit in the short run and over time.

6)Barriers to entry serve to limit the number of firms that operate in a particular market and, as 11) such, reduce the amount of total profit earned in the market.

7)In the prisoner's dilemma game, each player's dominant strategy is also the Nash equilibrium.

14-17 Multiple Choice

14) Marginal revenue is equal to:
A) the change in P x Q due to a one unit change in output. B) the change in quantity divided by the change in price.

C) the change in price divided by the change in output. D) price, but only if the firm is a price searcher.

15) In order to maximize its profits, a price-taking firm should produce the level of output at which:

A) marginal revenue = marginal cost. B) total revenue = total cost.

C) variable revenue = variable cost. D) average revenue = average cost.

16) Assume that there is an improvement in the technology used by firms in a perfectly competitive industry that is initially in long-run equilibrium. In the short run this would cause:

A) cannot be determined with the information given. B) no change in the firm's economic profit.
C) a decrease in the firm's economic profit. D) an increase in the firm's economic profit.

17) Assume at the firm's profit-maximizing level of output P = AVC. In this case, the firm will be:

A) incurring an economic loss. B) earning a positive economic profit.

C) earning economic profit = 0. D) breaking even.

1. Patent laws:
reduce incentive to innovate by restricting market entry
reduce incentive to innovate by making it difficult to use thepatented innovation
increase incentive to innovate by restricting entry into amarket
increase incentive to innovate by giving a firm permanent andexclusive production rights

2. Which of the following is true of marginal revenue for amonopolist that charges a single price?
P = MR because there are no close substitutes for the monopolist'sproduct.
P > MR because the monopolist must decrease price on all unitssold in order to sell an additional unit.
P < MR because the monopolist must decrease price on all unitssold in order to sell an additional unit.
AR = MR because there are no close substitutes for the monopolist'sproduct.

3. Negative marginal revenue means that
total revenue is decreasing as output increases
the firm is maximizing its total revenue
the firm is maximizing its economic profit
total revenue is increasing at a decreasing rate as outputincreases

4. A profit-maximizing monopolist produces an output level atwhich
marginal revenue is the greatest distance from marginal cost
price is less than marginal cost
the value to society of the last unit produced equals marginalcost
marginal revenue equals marginal cost

5. Compared to a perfectly competitive market, a monopoly tends toproduce
more output and charge a higher price
the same amount of output, but charge a higher price
less output and charge a higher price
less output and charge the same price

6. Monopolistic competition is best described as
many firms with some control over price, and some productdifferentiation
many firms with no control over price, producing identicalproducts
a few firms with some control over price, producing highlydifferentiated products
a few firms with no control over price, producing similarproducts

7. Which of the following characteristics does perfect competitionshare with monopolistic competition?
price-taking firms
zero long-run economic profit
homogeneous product
some barriers to entry

8. Monopolistically competitive firms do not achieve productiveefficiency because
entry of firms raises production costs in the long run
barriers to entry allow profit to be earned in the long run
price is greater than marginal cost at the profit maximizing outputlevel
profit is maximized at a quantity where average total cost is notminimized

9. There are multiple models of pricing behavior in oligopolisticmarkets because
it is difficult to predict how rival firms will react to anypricing decision
the demand curve slopes upward for these firms
firms could earn profit in the long run unlike other markets
price has a direct impact on profit for a firm in oligopoly

10. Which of the following is likely to occur when a two-persongame can be played repeatedly?
Collusion and cooperation among the players
The prisoner's dilemma
The industry demand curve will become perfectly elastic
The industry demand curve will become perfectly inelastic

MGEA02H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Fixed Cost, Wage Labour, Marginal Product

MGEA02H3 Full Course Notes

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