BIO230H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Guanylyl Cyclase, Nitric Oxide Synthase, Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate
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BIO230H1 Full Course Notes
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Document Summary
Nuclear receptor superfamily: hydrophobic molecules, small uncharged polar molecules, large uncharged polar molecules, ions, independently of plasma membrane proteins, through plasma membrane channels, downstream of plasma membrane g-protein coupled receptors. Acts locally b/c breaks down very quickly. Steroid hormones (from cholesterol- affects sexual characteristic & metabolism) Retinoids (from vitamin a regulates development & cell differentiation) All contain 2 binding sites: small hydrophobic molecule, dna. Orphan nuclear receptors: the receptors whose ligands are unknown. Ligand binding: upstream ligand binding, conformational change, changes gene expression & downstream effect. Cell must contain equal positive & negative charges. Open & close v. rapidly ions diffuse v. rapidly. Passive transport (open the pores, doesn"t usher it through: based on electrochemical gradient across the membrane. Ligand-gated: extracellular ligand (signal from outside the cell, intracellular ligand (signal from the cell) Mechanically gated: mechanisms that physically pry open ion channel. Signalling of downstream plasma membrane g-protein coupled receptors.
