CSB329H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Endoderm, Cnidocyte, Subsequence

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Lecture 2(c): Stem Cell Systems in Porifera and Cnidarins
1. Name three key components of a “stem cell niche”:
a. Support cells
b. Extracellular matrix
c. Basal lamina
2. In a double-pulse chase experiment, which is the first chase critical?
o Whether it is a single, or a multiple chase, the first chase is essential because we are
removing the analog from the first pulse
§ First ones has Cl-dU incorporated (i.e. green) and the second pulse had I-dU
(i.e. red); therefore staining them with their respective antibodies will allow us
to discriminate between the different replication sites
However, if we did not complete the first chase, and wash out the
Cl-dU it would be as if we place both Cl-dU and I-dU at the same
time; we cannot tell different replication sites
*first chase = “wash” | the most important thing after the first chase is the wash
Cnidarians – Hydra:
If amputated, they are capable of regenerating their missing piece
o Biologically immortal: continuous self-renewal and differentiation
Hydra Anatomy:
Similar to demosponge; they have no mesoderm
(diploblastic)
Stem Cells:
o Interstitial stem cell
o Endoderm and ectodermal cells have
stem-like properties
(ends of the hydra are differentiated;
where stem cells are found – hermaphrodite)
Stem Cell Systems:
There are three stem cell systems in Hydra:
o Epithelial cell linages represent unipotent stem cells; will recreate the
endoderm/ectoderm
§ Ectoderm cell only generates ectoderm; will not make endoderm (vise-versa)
o Interstitial stem cells exhibit multipotent features as they are able to differentiate
into nematocytes, nerve and gland cells
ð Epithelial cells are epithelimuscular cells; they have contractile activity – can swim
ð i-Cells = multipotent | Epithelial cells = unipotent
o Major cell types in cell linages are colored
o Derivative of interstitial cell linage in grey
§ Stem cell are not quiescent; continue to self-renew
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Document Summary

Name three key components of a stem cell niche : Cl-du it would be as if we place both cl-du and i-du at the same time; we cannot tell different replication sites. *first chase = wash | the most important thing after the first chase is the wash. If amputated, they are capable of regenerating their missing piece: biologically immortal: continuous self-renewal and differentiation. Hydra anatomy: similar to demosponge; they have no mesoderm (diploblastic, stem cells, interstitial stem cell, endoderm and ectodermal cells have stem-like properties (ends of the hydra are differentiated; where stem cells are found hermaphrodite) Stem cell systems: there are three stem cell systems in hydra, epithelial cell linages represent unipotent stem cells; will recreate the endoderm/ectoderm. Ectoderm cell only generates ectoderm; will not make endoderm (vise-versa: interstitial stem cells exhibit multipotent features as they are able to differentiate into nematocytes, nerve and gland cells. Epithelial cells are epithelimuscular cells; they have contractile activity can swim.

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