HMB265H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Aniridia, Developmental Biology, Pax6
26 Nov 2017
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How we use model organisms to understand human development and disease. After fertilization have single cell carrying dna that is same in each cell in body. But from that single cell generate thousands of different cell types. Can"t use humans as subject of study. But can"t study cell-cell communication and tissues b/c single cell. Information good for understanding our own development and approach treating disease. People know a lot about them already. Large collections of mutants with developmental defects maintained in stock centers. Made it easier for geneticists to identify, map genes with mutant phenotypes. Two of the model organisms used in developmental genetics. Determination of embryonic body plan in drosophila: elegans. Transparent so can do in vivo screens in c. elegans. Eyeless (flies), pax6 (mice), and aniridia (humans) responsible for generating eyes in. Eye structures between drosophila (compound) and our eyes very different structurally but homologous genes. Mouse without pax6 doesn"t have eyes and brain damage.
