HMB265H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Arabidopsis Thaliana, Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, House Mouse

• School: UTSG
• Department: Human Biology
• Course: HMB265H1
• Professor: Naomi Levy-Strumpf, Stephen Wright

Document Summary

Easy to grow; rapidly reproduce; small in size. Large collections of mutants with developmental defects maintained in stock centres. Genomes are sequenced easier to identify genes with mutant phenotypes. Basic strategies for development highly conserved. Eyeless, pax-6 and aniridia (humans) genes are homologous (eye development) Null mutation for eyeless in drosophila can be rescued by the human wild-type copy of the gene (aniridia) Heterozygotes characterized by lack of colour in their eye, increased sensitivity to light, abnormalities to the iris, optic nerve, corena, lens and pupil. Ie. there are large differences between fruit flies and humans. Organisms often use different strategies to accomplish the same developmental goal. Eg. in c. elegans, during the two cell embryo stage, if the two cells are separated, the organism will not grow; however, in humans, when this happens, we have twins. Mosaic determination (c. elegans) cells have a fate after 1st division.