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HMB265H1 Lecture : Notes taken during lecture

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4 Mar 2011

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HMB265H1 Full Course Notes

HMB265H1 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Variation in average differences in genotypes between individuals and environmental variation that gives phenotypic variation. Environmental variation because of food, climate, illnesses, etc. Discrete traits either or traits; single-gene traits. Whole-number range of values possibilities are not infinite. additive gene action in heterozygote, exactly intermediate of the two homozygotes: this occurs with additive effects. Incomplete dominance is example of additive gene action: heterozygote has trait value or state that is intermediate quantitatively between the two homozygous classes but not exactly. Intermediate: this occurs because of environmental variation. Mutations in few genes cause familial hypercolesteremia. because any one of the many genes is mutated can result in this. blurring of lines: genotypically heterozygote but phenotypically homozygous can result because of environmental influence. Broad sense extend of phenotypic variation that is attributed to genetic variation, all types of genetic variation. can be quantified by hsquared (representing broad sense)

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Related Questions

What is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?

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What is the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance?

1. In incomplete dominance, the dominant phenotype is expressed in heterozygotes. In codominance, both phenotypes are expressed in heterozygotes.

2. The phenotype reveals the genotype only in codominance.

3. In both types of inheritance, the heterozygotes express the phenotypes dictated by both alleles.

4. In codominance, both phenotypes are expressed in heterozygotes. In incomplete dominance, the heterozygote shows a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygotes.

Incomplete dominance When there is dominance, the heterozygote has the same phenotype as the dominant homozygote. However, dominance is not always observed. Many genes shoe incomplete dominance, in which the heterozygote has a phenotype intermediate to the two homozygotes.11. If you cross true-breeding four o

answer to: matching:

Complete Dominance________

Genomic Imprinting_________

Incomplete Dominance________

Co-dominance __________

Polygenic trait___________

Lethal allele______________

Pleiotropy_____________

Penetrance___________

Sex-limited trait_________

Sex-influenced trait________

Anticipation ____________

Expressivity ____________

A. Heterozygotes have phenotypes intermediate between the phenotypes of the two homozygotes.

B. The heterozygote simultaneously expresses the phenotypes of both homozygotes.

C. Causes death at an early stage of development so that some genotypes do not appear among the progeny.

D. The percentage of individuals having a particular phenotype that exhibit the expected phenotype.

E. The phenotype of the heterozygote is the same as the phenotype of one of the homozygotes.

F. A trait determined by an autosomal gene that is more easily expressed in one sex

G. A trait determined by an autosomal gene that is expressed in only one sex

H. A trait determined by genes at many loci

I. The expression of a trait is affected by the sex of the parent that transmits the gene to the offspring

J. The trait appears earlier or more severely in succeeding generations

K. Degree to which a trait is expressed

L. A gene affects more than one phenotype