HMB200H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Leptin, Glycogen, Insulin

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coppercattle724

12 Mar 2012

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Carbohydrates: glucose (quickly broken down by digestive tract) Or complex chains of starch molecs simple sugars by digestive tract: brain particularly sensitive to glucose glucose-stack theory for weight. Fats fatty acids: many dif types of molecs broken into fatty acids, chains of fatty acids held together by glycerol. Fat cells (long-term): 80-90% of total available body energy supply large majority of body energy: warmth, long-term energy storage, good as insulator & storing more energy per gram than in starch. In deep viscera tissue grams or prot grams so stored more efficiency. So very important to regulate perhaps why leptin key signal in body weight. Muscle & liver glycogen (starch: converted to glycogen (chains of glucose molecs, available glucose available to be converted btwn glycogen & glucose when needed. Short-term energy supply of brain (main energy supply of brain: blood glucose most easily utilizable, not as much to body as brain since have insulin.

Related Questions

Not present in most animal foods
Answer
carbohydrates
lipids
proteins
minerals
vitamins
water

Fiber is a type of ________ provided by ________.
Answer
fat, animals
carbohydrate, plants
protein, plants
carbohydrate, honey
protein, animals

Fiber is important in the diet in
Answer
providing glucose for cells.
stimulating movements of the large intestine.
assisting in fat digestion in the small intestine.
aiding absorption of fats in the small intestine.
providing essential amino acids.

Carbohydrates are typically broken down to
Answer
maltose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.
fructose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.
glucose, the molecule used as the energy source in cells.
glycogen, the molecule used as the energy source in cells.
glucose, the molecule stored for future energy needs.

A serving of food contains 9g carbohydrate, 3g protein, and 5g fat.The total Calories per serving of this food is ______.

73
83
93
103

Which of the following is an incorrect match?
Answer
trans fat - margarine
saturated fat - beef
unsaturated fat - olive oil
saturated fat - cold water fish
unsaturated fat - canola oil

Cholesterol can be synthesized by the body and is eaten in certainfoods.
True
False

When looking at a food label, in order to know how many caloriesyou will ingest, it is important to know total number of caloriesand
Answer
serving size.
% daily value of protein.
number of grams of fat.
number of grams of fiber.
% daily value of sodium.

Insulin is released frompancreatic b cellswhen blood glucose levels increase and glucagon isreleased from pancreatic a cells when blood glucose levelsdecrease. Blood glucose concentration is tightly controlled and atthe basic level it appears that glucose binds toGLUT2 receptors on b cells increasing the concentrationof ATP because of the increased concentration of glucose in thesecells. The increase in ATP decreases potassium concentrations and calcium channels are opened leading toinsulin secretion. There are, however, a number of otherinsulin/glucagon regulators such as amino acids,catecholamines, insulin, neurotransmitters and free fattyacids. Consequently the search for causes of obesity requirescareful focus and much of current research focuses on GProtein Coupled Receptors.Which of thefollowing is not of special interest to those studying GPCR andtheir involvement in diabetes andobesity?