PHL100Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Sophist, Modus Tollens, Chinese Philosophy
Document Summary
87 to 96c hypothesis; virtue can be taught. But empirical evidence shows it cannot be taught. First reversal: we can perhaps answer the question by positing a hypothesis (cid:894)do(cid:374)"t (cid:449)orr(cid:455) a(cid:271)out the geo(cid:373)etri(cid:272)al illustratio(cid:374)(cid:895) P1: any x is teachable iff x is knowledge (87b-c: focuses on feature of knowledge, not virtue) (how do we know this hypothesis is true?) Socrates later rejects this hypothesis saying it should be something similar: we get it from our intuitions about what the word knowledge means: its analytical. Plato alread(cid:455) (cid:272)lai(cid:373)ed that (cid:374)o o(cid:374)e does (cid:449)ro(cid:374)g k(cid:374)o(cid:449)i(cid:374)gl(cid:455): that"s a partial proof (it establishes that only knowledge is necessary) The second argument aims to show wisdom is the common element in all good capacities: that meets the requirement for what is common. P3: (cid:862)(cid:272)apa(cid:272)ities are ad(cid:448)a(cid:374)tageous o(cid:374)l(cid:455) (cid:449)ith (cid:449)isdo(cid:373)(cid:863) (cid:894)88: (cid:862)the ad(cid:448)a(cid:374)tageous ele(cid:373)e(cid:374)t (cid:373)ust (cid:271)e (cid:449)isdo(cid:373)(cid:863) (cid:894)(cid:1012)(cid:1013)a(cid:895, so in this proof, wisdom is what makes x virtuous.
