PSL350H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Dna Binding Site, Rna Polymerase Ii, Ctcf
15 Mar 2016
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Psl350 chromatin and gene regulation [lecture 3] Systems and systems biology: a system is a connected set of objects. Edges can be directed (arrows) or not, indicating physical interactions, or communications: use networks to describe biology central dogma" with a twist. 3 billion bases, 2 meters long, packed in the nucleus. Open chromatin (accessible chromatin) transcription is expressed because rna pol ii can attach. Closed chromatin (non-accessible chromatin) transcription is repressed, dna-histone interaction is strong. The organization of the chromatin is driven by physical regulation, proteins and epigenetic labels (covalent modifications to the histones and dna) Promoters: the location where rna polymerase ii binds and sees the start codon to make mrna (which undergoes splicing) There are also other locations where proteins can bind. Crm (cis-regulatory module) binds in line with the transcription start site. Functional enhancer elements can be close, or far away (millions of bp away)
