SOC101Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Social Inequality, Cultural Capital, Hidden Curriculum
Through selection (e.g. process by which the structure of
schooling feeds into broader patterns of social inequality)
○
Through socialization (e.g. schools pass along values and
knowledge)
○
Through social organization (e.g. schools affect how we learn
and help define different types of occupations)
○
Sociologists examine three ways in which schools connect to society
learning that occurs in a spontaneous, unplanned way -
from parents and other group members
▪
People acquired knowledge and skills through informal
education
○
Learning that takes place within an academic setting, such
as a school, that has a planned instructional process and
teachers who convey specific knowledge, skills, and
thinking processes to students
▪
Formal education
○
Informal and Formal Education
Education system has displaced organized religion as main
purveyor of formal knowledge
○
Education system also is second in importance only to the
family as agents of socialization
○
Universal mass education is a recent phenomenon and is limited
to relatively wealthy countries
○
300 years ago : most were illiterate
▪
100 years ago : majority never attended school
▪
1950 : only 10% of the world's countries had systems of
compulsory mass education
▪
Today : half of the citizens in developing countries are
illiterate, while in Canada, education is nearly universal
▪
History of Mass Education
○
Although access to higher education remains uneven,
Canadian accomplishment in education is impressive when
compared with that of other countries
▪
Canadian students rank 4th out of 65 countries in reading,
mathematics, and science.
▪
Canada has over 16k elementary and secondary schools
employing nearly 276k teachers, who educate 5.3 million
children and have enrollment rate of about 95%
▪
University enrollment stands around 1.1 million
▪
49% of people between ages of 25 and 64 have a college or
university degree (highest in world)
▪
More people going now than ever in history - growing
numbers
▪
Canadian Education
○
Amount of education that people receive has risen steadily,
and trends are expected to continue
▪
Educational achievement
□
Sociologists distinguish educational attainment from
educational achievement
▪
The Rise of Mass Education
○
Mass Education
Lecture 2.9: Education
March 22, 2017
12:00 PM
LECTURE Page 76
Document Summary
Sociologists examine three ways in which schools connect to society. Through selection (e. g. process by which the structure of schooling feeds into broader patterns of social inequality) Through socialization (e. g. schools pass along values and knowledge) Through social organization (e. g. schools affect how we learn and help define different types of occupations) People acquired knowledge and skills through informal education learning that occurs in a spontaneous, unplanned way - from parents and other group members. Learning that takes place within an academic setting, such as a school, that has a planned instructional process and teachers who convey specific knowledge, skills, and thinking processes to students. Education system has displaced organized religion as main purveyor of formal knowledge. Education system also is second in importance only to the family as agents of socialization. Universal mass education is a recent phenomenon and is limited to relatively wealthy countries. 100 years ago : majority never attended school.
