PSYC 251 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Phineas Gage, Basolateral Amygdala, Sensory Cortex
22 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
- Amygdala
o Strong input from outside/ external world
o Output
Down to brainstem and spinal chord
To hypothalamic nuclei important for secreting hormones
Up to striatum and cortex
o Basolateral amygdala tracks value and projects to higher sensory cortex
o Centromedial amygdala projects to and influences hypothalamus and brainstem
o Fear Conditioning
Unconditioned (pain) and conditioned (noise) stimuli converge in lateral
nucleus
Connect to unconditioned and conditioned response (freezing) via central
nucleus
- Hippocampus
o Posterior
More involved in spatial aspects of memory
o Anterior
More involved in emotional aspects of memory
- Ventral Striatum
o Reward and Pleasure
Increased activity during many rewarded behaviours (social praise)
Lesions are associated with severe depression with anhedionia (no
experience of pleasure)
Electrical stimulation of septal area, near ventral striatum, provides
intense reward
- Circuit of Papez
o Interconnected areas involve din emotion
o Hypothalamus
Monitors internal environment
o Amygdala
Monitors external movement
o Anterior Hippocampus
Generates emotional states based on past experiences
o Ventral Striatum
Represents reward value
Limbic Cortex
o Important fo rmodulting emotional states
Document Summary
Amygdala: strong input from outside/ external world, output. To hypothalamic nuclei important for secreting hormones. Up to striatum and cortex: basolateral amygdala tracks value and projects to higher sensory cortex, centromedial amygdala projects to and influences hypothalamus and brainstem, fear conditioning. Unconditioned (pain) and conditioned (noise) stimuli converge in lateral nucleus. Connect to unconditioned and conditioned response (freezing) via central nucleus. More involved in spatial aspects of memory: anterior. More involved in emotional aspects of memory. Increased activity during many rewarded behaviours (social praise) Lesions are associated with severe depression with anhedionia (no experience of pleasure) Electrical stimulation of septal area, near ventral striatum, provides intense reward. Generates emotional states based on past experiences: ventral striatum. Insula limbic sensory cortex: regulates sensory, subjective experience of emotions, produces whole-body sensations that are associated with emottional states. Associated with inner sensations such as oain, cold, tension, hunger, etc. Involved in complex integrated sensaions (feel part of feeings)
