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Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319 Lecture : Anatomy Notes

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purplejackal117
1 May 2012
School
Western University
Department
Anatomy and Cell Biology
Course
Anatomy and Cell Biology 3319
Professor
Peter Merrifield

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Document Summary

The deep perineum, like in males, consists of the levator ani and coccygeus muscles which make up the pelvic diaphragm. The region inferior to the pelvic diaphragm is the perineum. The intermediate perineum consists of the external urethral sphincter and the deep transverse perineal muscle. This muscle is sometimes cut to increase the space of the birth canal. There are crus, which meet at the midline to form the glans clitoris. There are two bulbs on either side of the vagina and urethral opening. Then there are two greater vestibular glands located posterior to the bulbs and they secrete fluid. In males, the bulb is formed by corpora spongiosum and it then forms the glans of the penis, but in females the crus form the glans. The superficial perineum consists of muscles that cover these structures. There is the external anal sphincter and the superficial transverse perineal muscle.

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Related Questions

For muscle anatomy identification, you will need to identify thename of the muscle, the origin, the insertion, and the action ofthe muscle labeled on the models. You can find origins/insertionsin your lab manual, but you can also find the specific origins andinsertions we are looking for on the laminated cards for the claymodeling in lab. For actions, please identify the primary action ofthe muscle. For example for the gluteus maximus, the primaryactions are extension and rotation of the hip and maintain kneeextension. Many muscles also perform other actions in which theyare supporting other muscles. You do not have to include these,just focus on primary action. Please make sure you also know theindividual muscles of the iliopsoas, quadriceps, hamstrings, andpelvic floor.

pelvic floor (levator ani and external urethralsphincter)- NO origins and insertions assessed for thesemuscles, just identification on models and actions.

Flexor digitorum longus

fibularis longus (peroneus longus)

extensor digitorum longus

gastrocnemius

soleus

extensor hallucis longus

tibialis anterior

Also find: patellar ligament, calcanealtendon

For muscle anatomy identification, you will need to identify thename of the muscle, the origin, the insertion, and the action ofthe muscle labeled on the models. You can find origins/insertionsin your lab manual, but you can also find the specific origins andinsertions we are looking for on the laminated cards for the claymodeling in lab. For actions, please identify the primary action ofthe muscle. For example for the gluteus maximus, the primaryactions are extension and rotation of the hip and maintain kneeextension. Many muscles also perform other actions in which theyare supporting other muscles. You do not have to include these,just focus on primary action. Please make sure you also know theindividual muscles of the iliopsoas, quadriceps, hamstrings, andpelvic floor.

iliopsoas (psoas major and iliacus)

gluteus maximus

gluteus medius

sartorius

adductor longus

adductor magnus

gracilis

quadriceps femoris (rectus femoris, vastuslateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius)

hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus,semimembranosus)

pelvic floor (levator ani and external urethralsphincter)- NO origins and insertions assessed for thesemuscles, just identification on models and actions.

Flexor digitorum longus

fibularis longus (peroneus longus)

extensor digitorum longus

gastrocnemius

soleus

extensor hallucis longus

tibialis anterior

Also find: patellar ligament, calcanealtendon

1) Which of the following is NOT one of the arteries seen in thecarotid triangle once the sternocleidomastoid muscle and commonfacial vein have been reflected?

a) facial artery

b) internal jugular vein

c) superior thyroid artery

d) internal carotid artery

e) lingual artery

f) occipital artery


2) When trying to locate the parotid duct, a physician wouldconsider each of the following relationships EXCEPT


  1. its opening can be seen in the vestibule of the mouth oppositethe upper 2nd premolar tooth
  2. it extends from the anterior border of the parotid gland
  3. it can be palpated as it crosses the face, superficial to themasseter muscle
  4. it is inferior to the zygomatic arch
  5. it is superior to the zygomatic arch