Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A Lecture : Cell Cycle

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tanhippopotamus305

22 Dec 2011

School

Western University

Department

Anatomy and Cell Biology

Course

Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A

Professor

Paul Walton

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Document Summary

Undifferentiated pro-myelocytes become differentiated when adding retinoic acid. Paneth cells secrete antimicrobrial peptides and they digest bacteria as well. Stem cells are located here - they are going to give rise to all the rest of these cells. The expression of pak7 allows the cell to be able to differentiate into other cells. As the cell becomes more differentiated, pak7 expression decreases and the expression of other proteins increases. In the muscle cell, expression of muscle-specific genes helps it differentiate into a muscle cell. Methylation - making dna that can"t be methylated. This is significant because genes that are methylated cannot be turned on. Since you"re blocking methylation, you are blocking the cells from being turning off. These genes can then be analyzed for rna. I have to stop the process of cell division. Allows you to pick out genes that were being expressed. Red - one of the mrnas that is necessary to make a cell a muscle cell.

Related Questions

Causality1

Learning Goal:

Interpret Causality

Fibroblasts are cells that can be isolated from the connective tissue under the skin and grown in culture. Normally these cells retain the properties of fibroblasts as they divide for many generations in culture, but if we do an experiment in which the fibroblasts are forced to take up a highly expressed copy of the MyoD gene, they rapidly differentiate to become muscle cells.

a) MyoD expression is sufficient to cause fibroblasts to differentiate to muscle cells in culture

b) MyoD expression is correlated with muscle cell differentiation in culture

c) MyoD expression is necessary and sufficient to cause fibroblasts to differentiate to muscle cells in culture

d) MyoD expression is necessary for fibroblasts to differentiate to muscle cells in culture

You have discovered a strange new enzyme that can carry out demethylation on methylated lysine R-groups as well as on 5-methylcytosine, despite the very different structures of these molecules. Using this method in conjunction with gene expression analysis, is it ever possible to differentiate whether a gene is regulated by histone methylation or by DNA methylation? If so, give an example. If not, why is this not possible?

ceruleanporpoise612

I understand that differential gene expression occurs in eukaryotes, where every cell contains the entire genome but differentiated cells only express particular genes important for their function. My question is in regards to prokaryotic cells. Do prokaryotic cells exhibit differential gene expression in the way that eukaryotes do? Or do they express all genes in the cell?

Anatomy and Cell Biology 4429A Lecture : Cell Cycle

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