Biology 1001A Lecture 3: Lecture 3- September 15, 2014

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crimsonhippopotamus647

25 Feb 2016

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Even more important than the idea of natural selection, charles darwin proposed the idea of common descent". This expressed that all things, if you went far enough back in evolutionary history, shared a common ancestor ex. humans to fish, horses to cabbages. Similarities due to descent from a common ancestor. Homolagies: traits shared by all forms of cellular life on earth; shared because inherited from a common ancestor. Every organism has their genome in the form of. Phospholipid bilayer is arranged in cells in different organisms. Luca is the name given to the most recent common ancestor to all species on earth. Unknown, we are constantly discovering new species at a rapid rate. 8. 7 million species of eukaryotes including marine organisms(according to article) Prokaryotes are not included because far more difficult to concentrate. We have only named 1 million species on earth. 18000 new species have been discovered in the last calendar year.

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QUESTION 3

Which of the following would NOT be a good method for sortingout the evolutionary relationships between a parrot, gorilla,hippopotamus, starfish, and catfish?

		comparing the skeletal anatomy
		examining the habitat in which these organisms live
		looking at embryos for common developmental patterns
		comparing the nucleotide sequence divergence of selectedgenes
		all of the above would provide useful information

10 points

QUESTION 4

Which of these habitats should have the highest number ofendemic species (found there and nowhere else).

		grasslands of the central United States
		Hawaiian islands
		Amazonian rainforest basin
		Mississippi river

10 points

QUESTION 5

Darwin's concept of evolution "the theory of descent withmodification through variation and natural selection" can bedemonstrated by which of the following examples?

		A giraffe stretches his neck to reach higher branches. Theexercise of stretching up strengthens the muscles in the neck andlegs. This ability to stretch is also seen in the giraffe'soffspring.
		A monkey accidently drops her fruit in the salty water of a bay,she recovers the fruit and eats it. She discovers that the fruit iscleaner and tastes better after it has been in the salty water. Shecontinues to wash fruit in the bay before eating. Her offspring seewhat she has done and also wash their fruit in the salty water.Soon the whole population is washing their fruit
		Several turtles hatch from a clutch of eggs buried in the sandon a beach. One of the turtles is the color of the sand, the othersare darker in color. The turtles all scurry to the water, but oneby one the dark turtles are eaten by birds, only the sand coloredturtle survives. When it enters the water the sand color changes toa darker brown. The turtle grows, mates and has offspring that arealso sand colored when they are born
		A female alligator gives birth to a male alligator that has theability to change color to a bright white when it is in cold water.The baby male alligator is quickly spotted by a large bird of preyand eaten

10 points

QUESTION 6

During the Beagle journey, Darwin visited islands,allowing him to compare island species with continental species. Interms of framing his theory of evolution, why was thissignificant?

		Because the island species had both similarities to theircontinental ancestors and unique adaptations to their islandenvironments
		Because the island species no longer shared traits with theircontinental ancestors
		Because the species he saw on the islands had not changed fromtheir ancestral continental form
		Because the island species had very low reproductive andsurvival rates as compared with their continental ancestors

Biology 1001A Lecture 3: Lecture 3- September 15, 2014

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