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Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Phosphorylation, Chloroplast, Electron Transport Chain

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School
Western University
Department
Biology
Course
Biology 1002B
Professor
Denis Maxwell

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Document Summary

If you add mitochondria to an oxygen electrode chamber what happens to the oxygen concentration in the chamber? o o. If you simply add mitochondria, no etc will occur b/c there is no substrate. By adding nadh o2 levels will decrease: once adp + pi is added, slope will be steeper. Previously, you have pumped a lot of protons into the intermembrane space. Respiratory control - rate of o2 consumption is controlled by ability to phosphorylate. Now that you have added adp and pi (substrate for atp synthase), the huge proton gradient can be dissipated: maximum rate of electron transport. Protons can flow freely and quickly back into matrix. In chlamydomonas there are 2 atp generating organelles - mitochondria and chloroplasts. Compared to animal cells, how might they be diff: they function similarly to animal, they don"t need to make atp, but are the site of key biosynthetic reactions. A: they generate more atp than a typical animal cell.

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Related Questions

1. The P/O ratio formitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation is the number of ATPmolecules that are synthesized for each two electrons that enterthe electron transport pathway. Under normal conditions, the P/Oratio is approximately 2.5. [The derivation of this number will beexplained in class, though it is not necessary for you tounderstand the derivation to answer this question. Just know thatthe P/O ratio is the number of ATPs made for each NADH that isoxidized]. (a) Uncouplers cause the mitochondrial membrane tobecome permeable to protons, and so uncouple ATP synthesis fromelectron transport. What would be the effect of a low concentrationof an uncoupler on the P/O ratio? Note that a low concentration ofuncoupler will only partially dissipate the proton gradient. (b)DCCD is a reagent that inhibits ATP synthase by blocking the protonchannel through the enzyme. What effect would DCCD have on the P/Oratio? Tip: it is important to understand that inhibition of ATPsynthase also inhibits electron transport, because an increase in[H+] in the inter-membrane space exerts an inhibitorybackpressure on the proton pumping complexes (ie rememberthat ATP synthesis and electron transport are coupledprocesses). (c) If mitochondria are inhibited with DCCD, and thenan uncoupler is added, what will be the effect of the uncoupler onATP synthesis, oxygen consumption and the P/O ratio? Explain yourreasoning behind all answers.