Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Histone Deacetylase, Hormone Response Element, Chromatin Remodeling

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viridiancricket542

23 Aug 2017

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It changes the charge of the histone tails and cause loosening of the association of the histones with the dna (still not completely active) Inactive chromatin not acetylated, tails form a right association with the dna: chromatin remodeling: when multiprotein complexes bind to the acetylated nucleosomes in the promoter region from the dna. General transcription factors and rna polymerase ii bind and initiate transcription. If the 5"-utr is transferred experimentally from one mrna to another, the half-life of the receiving mrna becomes the same as the donor: rna interference (rnai): silencing a gene posttranscriptionally by a small, single-stranded. Rna that is complementary to part of an mrna: parts of rnai: mirna and short interfering rna (sirna, a (cid:373)irna (cid:271)i(cid:374)ds to se(cid:395)ue(cid:374)(cid:272)es i(cid:374) the 3" utr of ta(cid:396)get (cid:373)rna. 3: dicer enzyme: cleaves dsrna into smaller fragments called short interfering rna (sirna) and mirna. Dicer helps load these fragments into a large multiprotein complex called risc for rna-induced silencing complex.

Related Questions

1. What is the term when the product of a biochemical pathway inhibits the activity of the first enzyme of a pathway?

		feedback inhibition.
		activator inhibition.
		diffusional regulation.
		enzyme activation.

2. Through control of gene expression, prokaryotes respond to changing __________ conditions.

		internal
		protein
		environmental
		genetic

3. A protein that negatively regulates transcription by binding to the operator is known as the

		operon
		repressor
		activator
		inducer

4. During attenutation, when tryptophan levels are high, the ________ stem-loop forms and transcription ________ the trpL gene.

		1-2, ends just past
		3-4, ends just past
		1-2, continues beyond
		3-4, continues beyond

5. The process of turning on the expression of a gene in response to a substance in the environment is called:

		constituation.
		repression.
		induction.
		catabolism.

6. What is a function of some specific transcription factors?

		to bind to the promoter region of the gene to facilitate the proper alignment of the RNA polymerase
		to bind to the centromere to induce meiosis
		to bind to enhancer regions to help regulate gene transcription
		to bind to the operator to recruit sigma factor

7. How does exposing an E.coli cell to glucose affect the regulation of the lac operon via CAP?

		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP binds to CAP and transcription is decreased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is increased.
		cAMP does not bind to CAP and transcription is decreased.

8. The lac repressor protein works when mutations in the repressor gene and structural genes are:

		in cis or in trans.
		in trans only.
		in cis only.
		in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

scarletwombat949

In Eukaryotic transcription, what is the difference between an enhancer, a mediator, a coactivator and a trascriptional activator protein? In your answer, for each one include (a) if it's the term refers to a DNA sequence or a protein, and if it's a protein (b) if it interacts with DNA, with another protein, or with both. Also how are enhancers different from promoters in affecting gene transcription in eukaryotes? Make sure that you include in your discussion: (c) their relative position to the transcription initiation site; (d) the role of binding sites for proteins; (e) how each affects initiation and transcriptional regulation (in the latter, make a distinction between the core and the regulatory promoter

lilacseal677

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Histone Deacetylase, Hormone Response Element, Chromatin Remodeling

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