History 2403E Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Vulgate, Phloem, Infant Mortality
26 Oct 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
History 2403E- England & Europe
Lecture 4
Church & demographic trends & Crime and
Punishment 12/11/2015 9:15:00 PM
Those who prey
• Church
1. Structure
→ Cardinals (Secular Clergy)
• High ranking church officials
• Not in charge of a particular Dioceses
• The bureaucrats of the Church (running machinery of church as an
institution)
• Main Task: Elect the pope
→Regular Clergy: Monks and Friars
-Called the regular clergy as they give an oath to live life according
to a rule (rules that regulated their life)
1. Monks
• Live a cloistered life (withdrawals from the world/community)
• Live life of contemplation or prayer
• Seek salvation of communities through prayer and contemplation
• Chief duty of a monk is to pray/ worship on behalf of the society
that they live in
• Ex. Benedictine, Augustinian
2. Friars
• Lives life in the world
• take vow to live by a rule but instead carry it out within the world
• Devoted to public education or charity
• Regular cleric that lives life in world
• Ex. Dominican, Franciscan
2. Authority : Authority is something that can serve as an Arbiter of truth
that can give Catholics what correct beliefs and values are:
→ (1) Bible: Catholics use the Latin Vulgate, translated by St. Jerome (in
5th century)
-Old Testimite: Written in Hebrew
-New Testimite: Written in Greek
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
→ (2) Popes: Understood to be the vicar of Christ
→ (3) Councils: Gathering of many bishops (to render decisions
about life and doctrine)
→ (4) Tradition: Canon Law, past precedent that determines
future decisions
3. Services
→ idea that the relationship between God and Human has been
broken by sin, means that once unified relationship has been broke down
and this need to be solved
• Sacraments :Every time someone partakes in a sacrament the
person is given “GRACE” which is given by Christ when crucified on
the cross
→Every time you par take in a sacrament, a bit of sin is washed away
- By giving you GRACE you can balance your scale and fix your relationship
(1). Baptism: child sprinkled by holy water (sets scale evenly
after being brought into a life of sin)
(2) Confirmation: officially be seen as an adult (first mass)
(3) Penance : when you commit a sin you set spiritual account at
odds, and the sin need to be off set so you go to a priest and they assign a
series of good deeds to bring spiritual account back into line
(4) Marriage
(5) Holy Orders (become a cleric)
(6) Extreme Unction/ last rights: baptized on your way out
(7) Mass /Eucharist: wine and bread at church (represents blood
and flesh)
• Provides cradle to grave services
• This gives the church extraordinary authority and influence
• Source of revenue (have to pay for sacraments)
4. Popular Religion
• Arguments between the popes and the kings as to who was more
powerful
• Chief Issue: Who decides who becomes a bishop or is in office
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Cardinals (secular clergy: high ranking church officials, not in charge of a particular dioceses, the bureaucrats of the church (running machinery of church as an institution, main task: elect the pope. Called the regular clergy as they give an oath to live life according to a rule (rules that regulated their life) Live a cloistered life (withdrawals from the world/community: seek salvation of communities through prayer and contemplation, chief duty of a monk is to pray/ worship on behalf of the society that they live in, ex. Friars: lives life in the world, take vow to live by a rule but instead carry it out within the world, devoted to public education or charity, regular cleric that lives life in world, ex. Dominican, franciscan: authority : authority is something that can serve as an arbiter of truth that can give catholics what correct beliefs and values are: (1) bible: catholics use the latin vulgate, translated by st. jerome (in.
