Microbiology and Immunology 2500A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia, Antimicrobial Resistance, Organ Transplantation
7 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Know about nosocomial pneumonia: 2 major problems. Diminished interest from pharmaceutical companies to develop new antibiotics: drug companies can"t make that much money since resistance always happens, new drugs are not being produced. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics always happens: do to our globalization and availability of transport bacteria can easily spread, how do antibiotics work. Either kill bacteria or stop them from growing. For bacteriostatic, immune system will eventually kill bacteria: measuring antibiotic activity. Minimum inhibitory concentration: series of culture tubes with varying concentration of agent, check for visible growth, mic= lowest concentration that inhibits growth, or us strips which allows you to test multiple, antibiotic targets. Targets not present or different in eukaryotes. Antibiotics target essential bacterial components: cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, dna/rna synthesis. 10/14/16: folate synthesis, cell membrane alteration, lactam antibiotics. Contains a lactam ring function to inhibit cell wall synthesis in bacteria. Lactams bind to the bacterial penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) transpeptidase.
