Microbiology and Immunology 3300B Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Aspergillus, Phagocyte, Superoxide
20 May 2016
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Document Summary
Evolution of the immune system and case studies. Every organism in the world has an innate immune system. Very first cell had a cell wall and acted as a barrier: ability to detect foreign rna and dna, self/nonself and prrs c. i. Arose at the single celled eukaryote stage c. ii. These animals start to develop blood cells: antibody like genes g. i. Still an innate immune system --- they do not recombine g. ii. Jawless vertebrates evolve a completely different immune system g. ii. 1. Same principle, but genes they came form are different. Restriction endonuclease and methylase are expressed from the bacterial genome. Methylase adds methyl groups to recognition sequence in the host cell. The endonuclease degrades any unmethylated dna containing recognition sequence. Important for bacteriophage that inserts its dna into the bacteria: viral dna is degraded into smaller fragments. The innate immune system is comprised of multiple anti pathogen processes which evolved independently.
