Pathology 3240A Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Blood Transfusion, Viral Load, Pus
15 Oct 2018
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Document Summary
Infectious disease occurs when a pathogenic organism causes signs and symptoms of inflammation or organ dysfunction. Determine a specific disease is due to a specific infectious agent. Allows us to diagnose, treat, prevent disease and study epidemiology (source and transmission) Illnesses may be acute (cold, influenza), chronic (hbv), latent (herpes: bacteria: Depend on the host for favorable growth conditions. Exist as yeast cells and hyphae: bacteriophages/plasmids/transposons: Infect bacteria and provide them with virulence factors: atypical bacteria: Blood-borne (malaria) or intestinal or sexually transmitted: helminths: May cause disease directly or be vectors for other organisms: prions: An abnormal form of a cellular protein in neurons (prp) Viruses bind to cell surface receptors (e. g. hiv: cd4) Local conditions (nutrient availability, ph, o2 content, moisture) Enzymes (facilitate the penetration of anatomic barriers such as collagenase, hyalonuridase, phospholipase, protease) Component of the cell wall of gram negative bacteria. Exposure induces production of cytokines by host cells.
