Pathology 3245B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Small-Cell Carcinoma, Zona Glomerulosa, Pituitary Adenoma
25 May 2016
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Adh tells kidneys to start holding onto water (antidiuretic) Not enough adh being released (adh deficiency) Diabetes insipidus polyuria (not enough adh to stop water just going through) polydipsia (thirsty) Hyperfunction- adenomas (prl, gh: micro- or macroadenomas" may be cinically silent or null cell adenomas. Hypofunction most common cause: tumours: ischemia, ablation (surgery or radiation), trauma, other lesions (inflammatory; metastases) Hyperfunction syndrome eo finappropriate adh (siadh) secretion: paraneoplastic syndromes (often small cell carcinoma of the lung), non-neoplastic diseases of the lung, injury to hypothalamus and/or neurohypophysis. Hypofunction adh deficiency diabetes insipidus: head trauma, etc. Adrenal glands sit at upper pole of each kidney; consists of 2 endocrine organs cortex and medulla. Adrenal cortex has 3 layers/zones: zona glomerulosa outermost. Stimulated by angiotensin and potassium; inhibited by atrial natriuretic peptide and somatostatin to regulate bp: zona fasciculate - ~75% of cortex (thickest layer) Acth control: zona reticularis innermost layer.
