Pathology 2420A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Prostate Cancer, Tumor Suppressor Gene, Dysplasia

• School: Western University
• Department: Pathology
• Course: Pathology 2420A
• Professor: Candace Gibson

Document Summary

Decrease in size and function of a cell. Decreased workload, decreased blood supply, loss of innervation, interruption of trophic signal, aging. If atrophy persists cells may die. e. g. atrophy of muscles if nerve supply is cut off; atrophy of thyroid following pituitary resection; atrophy of brain in aging. Increase in size of cells, resulting in increase in size of organ, accompanied by an augmented functional capacity. Increased functional demand. e. g. myocardial hypertrophy in hypertension; muscle hypertrophy in athletes. Increase in number of cells in an organ or tissue. Increased functional demand. e. g. increased number of rbcs at high altitude; prostate in elderly men. Hormonal stimulation, e. g. , endometrium in early phase of menstrual cycle. Persistent cell injury, e. g. , skin in calluses. A change in one type of adult differentiated cell type to another. Although it is a protective mechanism, there may be loss of function. Significance: can be a premalignant lesion (no invasion is present).