Pharmacology 3620 Lecture Notes - Lecture 45: Insufflation, Peer Pressure, Oxycodone
1 May 2018
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19. Drugs of Abuse
Why do people abuse drugs?
● To feel GOOD
○ To have novel feelings, seastion, experience and share them with their friends
○ Social, peer pressure
○ Young people
● To feel BETTER
○ Self-medication to lessen anxiety, worries, fears, depression, and hopelessness
Routes of administration
● Drug abusers are looking for a “quick fix” so route of administration is important
○ Modify how normal drugs are taken to get quick-fix
● Typically used routes of administration
○ IV
○ Inhalation (smoking)
○ Insufflation (snorting)
■ Absorbed through the mucous membrane of the nose
■ Bypass first pass metabolism
○ Oral
●
○ Pharmacokinetics is very closely tied to how “stoned” (intoxicated) the person is
○ Higher levels of cocaine in the blood lead to a bigger high
■ IV
● Very large spike and quick high
■ Smoking crack cocaine
● Rapid rise
● Almost the same as IV
■ Snorting cocaine
● Relatively high and quickly, but less that smoking and IV
● Less of an intoxication profile
■ Oral
● Delayed absorption leads to a delay high
● Lower degrees of intoxication
Paraphernalia
● Bunker
○ Insufflation
● Crack pipe and bong
○ Inhalation
● Injection
○ IV
Cocaine History
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
To have novel feelings, seastion, experience and share them with their friends. Self-medication to lessen anxiety, worries, fears, depression, and hopelessness. Drug abusers are looking for a quick fix so route of administration is important. Modify how normal drugs are taken to get quick-fix. Absorbed through the mucous membrane of the nose. Pharmacokinetics is very closely tied to how stoned (intoxicated) the person is. Higher levels of cocaine in the blood lead to a bigger high. Delayed absorption leads to a delay high. Derived from leaves of the coca plant (south america mountains) Blocks dopamine reuptake (and serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake at high does) Does so by binding to dopamine transporters. Get increase dopaminergic signaling (get the euphoric feeling) In ans, it potentiates the actions of ne. Seizures and potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias (unpredictable) If taken with alcohol, cocaine is metabolized to cocaethylene. Made by heating up cocaine with sodium bicarbonate and water.
