Physiology 2130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Supraoptic Nucleus, Ventromedial Nucleus Of The Hypothalamus, Paraventricular Nucleus Of Hypothalamus
17 Nov 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Functions of the hypothalamus: control of the autonomic nervous system, body temperature regulation, circadian rhythms, drive & emotions, body energy balance, na+ balance, water balance, reproduction, neuroendocrine control. The limbic system is involved in each of the functions controlled by the hypothalamus but it is most curtail to those involving. Posterior hypothalamus sympathetic effects emotional drive and motivated behaviour. Increases blood pressure, increases heart rate, decreases gastric motility, dilates pupils. Anterior hypothalamus parasympathetic effects: decreases blood pressure, decreases heart rate, increases gastric motility, constricts pupils. Pituitary gland control: basomedial hypothalamus releases pituitary releasing factors which reach the anterior pituitary gland by a specialized component of the circulatory system hypophyseal. Portal system: supraoptic nucleus releases vasopressin & paraventricular nucleus releases oxytocin, their axons and axon terminals make up the posterior pituitary hypothalamic- posterior pituitary stock. Example: breastfeeding: stimulates afferent (sensory) neurons, through a neural endocrine reflex, positive feedback loop regulation so that you can produce more milk.
