Physiology 2130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Renal Corpuscle, Renal Vein, Renal Pelvis
30 Apr 2018
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Renal Anatomy
1. What are the 3 most important functions of the kidney?
-regulation of extracellular fluid volume and BP
-if fluid increases = swelling and increased BP
-regulation of osmolarity
-maintain ion balance (high K inside, Na outside)
OTHER FUNCTIONS INCLUDE:
-maintain body pH
-excretion of wastes- urea, ammonia, creatinine
-produce hormones (erythropoietin, Vit. D)
-gluconeogenesis (produce new glucose from non carb sources)
2. Describe Kidney Anatomy
-located posteriorly in abdomen
-inner concave side is where blood enters renal artery and exits via renal vein
-removal of urine produced by kidney exists via the ureter
renal artery: blood in
renal vein: blood out
ureter: where urine leaves
calyces: collect fluid, in medulla
renal pelvis:
-hollow gap in middle where urine
collects
3. Describe The Nephron
-functional unit of kidney (filters blood and produces perfect urine)
-each kidney has one million nephrons
• TWO Major Structures of Kidney
1) renal corpuscle
-where filtration of blood occurs
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-OUTSIDE of real orpusle: Boa’s apsule
-INSIDE of renal corpuscle: glomerulus (capillary bed)
2) Tubule
-where filtered fluid is processed
-made up of many parts (below)
4. Parts of the Nephron
5. Cortical and Juxtamedullary Nephrons
-based on positions within layers of kidney
-both function to filter blood to produce the ultrafiltrate
• Differences b/w the Nephrons
Cortical
-short loop of henle
- corpuscle higher in medulla
-capillary beds look diff and function diff
JuxtaM
-longer loop of henle
-corpuscle closer to medulla
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
If fluid increases = swelling and increased bp. Maintain ion balance (high k inside, na outside) Inner concave side is where blood enters renal artery and exits via renal vein. Removal of urine produced by kidney exists via the ureter renal artery: blood in renal vein: blood out ureter: where urine leaves calyces: collect fluid, in medulla renal pelvis: Hollow gap in middle where urine collects: describe the nephron. Functional unit of kidney (filters blood and produces perfect urine) Each kidney has one million nephrons: two major structures of kidney, renal corpuscle. 2) tubule: parts of the nephron, cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons. Both function to filter blood to produce the ultrafiltrate: differences b/w the nephrons. Corpuscle closer to medulla: the renal corpuscle. Site of blood filtration to produce the filtrate. (cid:271)lood (cid:271)e(cid:272)o(cid:373)es filtrate o(cid:374)(cid:272)e its i(cid:374) (cid:271)o(cid:449)(cid:373)a(cid:374)"s spa(cid:272)e: bo(cid:449)(cid:373)a(cid:374)"s capsule, parts of the renal corpuscle, glomerulus. Filters (cid:271)lood i(cid:374)to (cid:271)o(cid:449)(cid:373)a(cid:374)"s spa(cid:272)e: juxtaglomerular apparatus (jga)
