Psychology 2660A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Railways Act 1921, Learned Helplessness, Belongingness

• School: Western University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: Psychology 2660A/B
• Professor: Elizabeth Hayden

Document Summary

Motivation: the forces that activate, maintain and direct behaviour, an internal state that arouses, directs, and maintains behaviour. Extrinsic motivation: motivation created by external factors such as rewards and punishments: gain external reward or avoid punishment, associated with negative emotions towards academic achievement and maladaptive learning strategies. Essential difference: reason for acting, locus of causality (whether the action or influence is internal or external) What is motivation: humanistic choice, personal growth, sociocultural group membership, behavioural rewards and incentives, cognitive expectations, social cognitive expectancy theory. Growth/being needs (maslow: cognitive, aesthetic, self-actualization. Self-determination theory (rogers, deci: to have control over your life. Humanistic interpretation: approach to motivation that emphasizes personal freedom, choice, self-determination, and striving for personal growth. Identity derived from group that doesn"t value learning relations within communities of practice: eg. When part of a group that values learning versus part of a group. Perspective that emphasize participation, identifies, and interpersonal.