Sociology 2145B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Invisible Hand, Bourgeoisie, Profit Motive
31 Jan 2017
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What is (cid:862)work(cid:863)? (cid:862) a(cid:374) a(cid:272)ti(cid:448)it(cid:455) that pro(cid:448)ides a so(cid:272)iall(cid:455) (cid:448)alued produ(cid:272)t or ser(cid:448)i(cid:272)e(cid:863) Human effort that adds use value to goods and services. High income inequality (skill level, gender, age) Paid employment the norm, often in large, bureaucratic organizations (cid:862) er(cid:448)i(cid:272)e(cid:863) jo(cid:271)s > far(cid:373)i(cid:374)g, (cid:373)a(cid:374)ufa(cid:272)turi(cid:374)g. Immigration is still central but the source has changed. Work itself has become mobile: how do work shape the distribution of wealth, power, and prestige in society. Pre-market economy (subsistence agriculture: labour-intensive, with basic technology. Pre-capitalist economy: wage labour was rare & less dominant business class. The decline of feudalism & the rise of capitalism. Feudal system began to deteriorate in the 14th century. Social relations began to change (peasants ceased to be serf) Ri(cid:272)h peasa(cid:374)t"s/la(cid:374)d lords/aristo(cid:272)rats (cid:272)o(cid:374)solidated their holdi(cid:374)gs a(cid:374)d re(cid:373)o(cid:448)ed the(cid:373) fro(cid:373) community regulations. Poorer peasants who were displaces poured out to the urban centers. Due to this consolidation, wealth farmers had freedom to innovate, increasing productivity, and accumulation more.
