Sociology 2253A/B Lecture Notes - Kingston Penitentiary, Auburn System, Substance Abuse
14 Nov 2013
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Document Summary
Three major changes occurred during the 17th and 18th centuries that influenced the creation of the modern prisons: a shift in punishments, laws determining imprisonment, age of enlightenment. Public executions vs the deprivation of liberty. You have to be convicted of a crime to be in jail. First criminal prison opened in 1654 in amsterdam. Classical theory: people being capable, rational and free will. Pennsylvania system reflected the quaker influence and inmates were isolated from everything and everyone and spent one hour outside and rest of time reading bible or reflecting on their crimes. Auburn system- criminals have to do hard work this was constructed with cells one on top of the other. Hard work will reform individuals while penn is the reflection and bible will change people. Reflection in penn is similar to the quiet time in auburn. Kingston included most of the ideas of the auburn system. Conditions were harsh, punishments were harsh, extreme forms of discipline.
