Sociology 2267A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Cesare Lombroso, Cesare Beccaria, Jeremy Bentham
17 Feb 2020
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Document Summary
Theory: integrated set of propositions that seek to offer explanations of a problem. Positivists: and 18th century (post-enlightenment) theoretical view which alleges only that which is observable is knowable. The positivist school of criminology stems from the enlightenment. Causality (three conditions to develop a cause and effect relationship): Identify a relationship between two concepts or variables. Time priority: one of the variables has to happen first. Spuriousness: there is a third variable that also plays a role affecting the relationship (for example, poverty) Rationality and free will are parts of human behaviour: otherwise the individuals get frustrated will absurd/exploitative punishments. Punishment should be proportionate to the crime (swift, and certain) People want to maximize our benefit and happiness and minimize the pain. Criminals will weigh the risk and the rewards to determine whether they will commit the crime (is a problematic idea for youth because they don"t spend as much time thinking about the consequences, limited accountability)
