PO101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Socratic Method, Human Security, Scientific Method
Document Summary
Core concepts from last time - sept 10th: authority (traditional; charismatic; rational-legal), coercion, influence, legitimacy, views on the nature of power (lukes; barry; alfred; foucalt) Be able to give examples of each. Plato (428-348 bc) - the republic: goal : a fulfilled life, the just state, society consists of warriors, workers / craftsmen, philosophers - each with separate capabilities, guardians (philosophers) should govern, as they best understand justice. Aristotle (348-322 bc: good (ethical) community must link morality and politics, city (polis) must come before family, before individual. City functions as a political community, which must secure conditions for some to live life of contemplation: constitutional government is the best, but not always possible - aristocracy and monarchy. Machiavelli (1469-1527: ethics and ideals secondary - need to harness human desire for power and control. First to use secular approach (non religious approach: goal : to promote stability, cohesion.
