PP110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Jeremy Bentham, Experience Machine, John Stuart Mill
Document Summary
Teleological ethical theories: good comes before the right: consequentialist theories: consequences are morally relevant, act utilitarianism (hedonism, eudaimonia, rule-utilitarianism. Deontological ethical theories: right comes before the good: kantian ethics: actions and what motivates them are morally relevant. Most influential philosopher of the 19th century. Humanism: emphasizes the value and agency of human beings and affirms their ability to improve their lives through the use of reason and ingenuity. On liberty (1859): political treatise: the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant. The subjection of women (1869: classic liberal feminist treatise. It is better to be a human being dissatisfied than a pig satisfied; better to be socrates dissatisfied than a fool satisfied (mill).
