GEOG 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Sharecropping, British Agricultural Revolution, Peon
6 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
GEOG 1000
January 22, 2018
Making Latin America
Today in Brazil and Elsewhere - Brazil Landless Peasants Movement
Diego Rivera - famous latin american painter of murals
The Treaty of Tordesillas - The Spanish and Portuguese divide up the world
Spanish Feudalism
● Most good land given out as large land grants to generals such as Hernan Cortes
and other aristocrats
● The Spanish introduce ranches and cowboy culture, basically a type of Hacienda
● Spanish Land Grants and ranchos - land is divided and sold as grants
Hacienda buildings become resorts
Haciendas or Latifundia (or Ranchos)
● Most good agricultural land in latin america
● In return for right to farm land, the peon (peasant) needed to
○ Provide labour to the patron or a share of the harvest (or cash rent, very rare
in early periods) or a combination of these
● Giving a patron a share of the harvest is called sharecropping
● The Hacienda might also hire temporary workers for some tasks (ex. harvesting)
● Less in remote areas such as the amazon or mountains
Independence
● The non revolution
● Elites of latin America no longer want to be under Spain
● Bolivar
○ Latin American Liberator
● Slavery continued, land ownership does not change
Revolution
● 1910 forward
● Agrarian revolution
● Farmers seize land of large landowners
● Or they take over the government, who seizes land for them
● Idea of communism - workers should control means of production
● 1910 to 20 the Beginning of Revolutionary Era
○ Emiliano Zapata 1879 - 1919
○ Pancho Villa
● 1930s Land Distributed to peasants as ‘ejidos’
● Frida Khalo and Diego Rivera
○ Artists who align with communism
Document Summary
Today in brazil and elsewhere - brazil landless peasants movement. Diego rivera - famous latin american painter of murals. The treaty of tordesillas - the spanish and portuguese divide up the world. Most good land given out as large land grants to generals such as hernan cortes and other aristocrats. The spanish introduce ranches and cowboy culture, basically a type of hacienda. Spanish land grants and ranchos - land is divided and sold as grants. Most good agricultural land in latin america. In return for right to farm land, the peon (peasant) needed to. Provide labour to the patron or a share of the harvest (or cash rent, very rare in early periods) or a combination of these. Giving a patron a share of the harvest is called sharecropping. The hacienda might also hire temporary workers for some tasks (ex. harvesting) Less in remote areas such as the amazon or mountains.
