GK 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dative Case, Linking Verb, Adjective

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azurewombat179

19 Nov 2014

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This is all syntax: words in dative can be seen as an indirect object if there is no linking verb: I give a present to you (you being the indirect object) - you is not the thing being given. Ex. supply food (direct object) to the minotaur. Dative of the indirect object is an example of syntax: dative of possessor: You need a linking verb (i. e. to be) No to be verb? no dative word? then it is not a dative possessor. Dative of the possessor is an example of syntax: dative of respect: If it is a person in the dative, it cannot be a dative of respect. Thing, with respect to (be able to supply this when translating to english: dative of the means or instrument: Should be an instrument by which something is being done. Shows up in the dative case without a preposition. By means of or with when translating to english: dative of time when:

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Section 3 - Programming Questions 7. Role playing video games (RPGs) form a loosely defined genre of video games in which the player controls a small number of game characters. These characters form a group of adventurers whose purpose is to fulfill one or many quests. A common feature of RPGs is that the group of adventurers can collect various items and keep them for future me, sach items are added to the player's inventory. In this question, you will write classes which could be used to manage a player's inventory in an RPG. Part 1 Write a class called Item. An Item object represents an entire category of items carried by a group of adventurers, and each Item object has the following attributes: • The description of the items in this category (a String) The quantity of tems in this category that the group of adventurers is currently carrying can int). For example, suppose the group of adventurers is carrying 50 Heal Potions and 10 Life Potions. The SO Heal Pations would he represented by a single Item object, the value of the description attribute of this item object would be the string "Heal Potion, and the value of the quantity attribute of this Item object woukl be 50. The 10 Life Potions would also be represented by a single Item object, which is different from the Ttem object representing the Heal Potions. The value of the description attribute of this second Ttem object would he Life Potion", and the value of the quantity attribute of this second liem object would be 10. The Item class MUST provide the following INSTANCE methods, note that in the method descrip tions below, the phrase "this Item" means the item on which the method in question is called • A constructor, which takes as its only parameter a string representing the description attribute of the newly created Item. This constructor sets the quantity attribute of the newly created Item to 1. • A method called get Description(), which takes no parameters and returns a string representing the value of the description attribute of this Item • A method called getQuantity O. which takes no parameters and returns an int represent ing the value of the quantity attribute of this Item • A method called set Quantity), which takes a value of type int as its only parameter and returns nothing. This method changes the value of the quantity attribute of this Item so that its new value is equal to the int value this method accepts as parameter, this happens regardless of what the value of the int parameter is, even if it represents a sensical value Note that you MUST respect proper encapsulation practices that is, the attributes and methods of your class MUST he declared using the proper visibility modifiers. Part 2 Write a class called Inventory, which represents the inventory of a group of adventures. An Inventory object has only one attributes a collection of items, which specifies all the types of items that a group of adventurers is currently carrying along with the mumber of items of each type that the group is carrying Inventory objects MUST keep track of the items being carried by adventurers using a PLAIN ARRAY of Items, you MUST NOT se ArrayLists (or any other class which is part of the the Java Collection Framework such as Linkedin.ist) within the Inventory class under ANY circumstances. Each position in the array contains cither • The address of an Item object in memory, an Item is considered to be in the Inventory if and only if its address in memory is stored in the array . null Fach Item object in the inventory MUST appear exactly once in this array, in other words, there MUST NOT be any duplicate elements in the array under ANY circumstances, whether these dupli cates are deep copies or aliases The Inventory class MUST provide the following INSTANCE methods, note that an actual im plementation used in an RPG would provide additional methods, in particular methods to add an item to the Inventory. Also note that in the method descriptions below, the phrase "this inventory" means "the Inventory on which the method in question is called • A constructor, which takes a value of type int as its only parameter, and initializes the newly created Inventory so that the number of item types it can store is equal to the value of the parameter. The number of item types which can be stored in the Inventory is fixed during instantiation, and can never change during the lifetime of the Inventory object • A method called get.Capacity (), which takes no parameters and returns a value of type int representing the capacity of this Inventory (that is, the number of different item types which can be stored in this Inventory). • A method called getItem(), which takes a value of type int as its only parameter, and returns the Item Nered at the commenpanding position in the array holding the Items stond in this Inventory, this method returns null if the element at the position specified by the parameter value is null or if the parameter represents an invalid index in this array. • A method called consumeOne(), which takes as its only parameter a string represent ing the description of an item, and returns a value of type boolean. The method searches the inventory for an item whose description is equal to the parameter String, with the comparison being performed in a case-INSENSITIVE manner. If no such Ttem exists in the inventory, the method returns false, and the state of the Inventory does not change. On the other hand, if such an Item exist in the inventory, the method returns true and modifies the state of the Inventory as follows: -If the quantity attribute of the item is greater than or equal to 2, then its value is reduced by 1. -If the quantity attribute of the Item is equal to 1, then the item is removed from the Inventory. Note that removing an Item can be done by simply assigning null to the amay position that contains it. The state of the array before and after calling this method can consist of addresses of Item objects interspersed with null elements. For example, in an Inventory whose capacity is 20, it is possible that the array contains the addresses of Item objects al positions 3 and 17. while the other amay position contains null. This implies that the method does NOT have to "compact the array so that the addresses of all the actual tem objects appear at the beginning of the array while all the null elements appear at the end. You MAY assume that the string parameter is not null; in other words, your method does not have to handle cases in which the string parameter is indeed null Akmal notes • You MUST respect proper encapulation practices, that is the attributes and methods of your class MUST be declared using the proper visibility modifiers. • Y MUNT call the methods you were asked to write in the previous part to retrieve the descrip tion and quantity attributes of an Item object, or to change the quantity attribute of an Item object. You MAY me that the item class has been implemented correctly, even if you did not successfully complete the previous part WRITE YOUR Inventory CLASS IN THE SPACE BELOW:

Roles

What do they know

Sales Manager

You want to sell 10,000 units in April, 15,000 in May, 8,000 units in June at $20 each.

Business Development

You know that our competitor is struggling with manufacturing and supply is low, and your POV is that demand will increase by 10% in April and May

Manufacturing Supervisor

You have seen that raw material supply shipments are being delayed - and you want to keep 15% of next months production needs on hand- also you would like 15% of raw material needs on hand for production of product for next month. You know it takes .5 hours standard to make each unit.

Human Resources

Has settled the labors union by guaranteeing 40 hours minimum a week at $12/hour, but no OT. You expect 5500 direct labor hours standard per month. Based on our payroll system you can expect 1/2 the direct labor to be paid in the month it was incurred and the second 1/2 in the following month.

Purchasing Agent

Your POV is that Supply of raw material is plentiful and you agree with the Manufacturing Supervisor that in fact shipments are slow do to trucking constraints, you want to keep 10% of raw material on hand for next months production needs. The price of wood is not expected fluctuate in the next 3 months at $1/lb standar rate. You know each unit manufactured requires a standard 4lb of wood.

Accounts Receivable Manager

Based on historical data you know that 50% of the current month sales are collected in month while 45% are collected the following month, 5% are never collected.

Treasure

Your goal is to keep $40,000 in the bank as a balance. We have a line of credit we can borrow from- when we fall short

Accountant

Has calculated fixed Manufacturing Overhead as follows (each month)

Variable Manufacturing Overhead at

Utilities

$.5 per unit produced

Controller

Your goal is to help guide and lead the team, and increase profit share over the next quarter, while keeping costs under control. Last years sales goal for the same 3 months was set at 32,000 units which we met. We did that with only keeping 10% of units produced on hand.

Accounts Payable

You know that 50% of our purchases (VE) are paid the same month incurred and the reminder paid the following month. However our expenses (FE) are paid for in the month we incur them. While utilities are paid the 10th of the following month of production.

We manufacture and sell baseball bats, attached is the cross functional working team that has been assigned to come up with a plan for next quarter.

Work with the knowledge you are given to present a plan (budgets) to the board.

Add desired ending Inventory

Material to be purchased

Direct Labor Hours per unit

Total direct labor cost

Total cash collection

Cash Disbursement Budget

April

May

June

Purchases Raw Material

Variable Manufacturing OH

$5,000

Fixed Manufacturing OH

Total Cash Disbursements

Beginning cash Balance

How did you decide on how many units to sell over the next 3 months?

How did the sales goal affect your production budget?

Assume Actual purchases for May of Direct Material were 2% less than budged and Actual price paid for material was $.90/ lb. Calculate the Direct material price variance. Is this a favorable or unfavorable variance?

Assume actual direct labor hours for April were 5,300 with an actual average rate of $12.50, calculate the direct labor rate variance, and determine if this is a favorable or unfavorable variance.

For May actual fixed overhead totaled $34,000, calculate the fixed overhead budget variance, is the favorable or unfavorable?

Almost all organs in the human body have a rather largethreshold within which the organ or tissue is capable of repairingitself using materials supplied by the body, whether it's made fromorganic tissue or structural proteins. Wounds and minor damage tothe skin or flesh for example heal by themselves, skin, nails andbody hair can grow back if damaged or removed, even most bones canbe repaired autonomously by a biological body. Cutting off asignificant chunk from the human flesh or removing over 90% of ahair or a nail would cause no permanent injury, and the body iscapable of repairing the damage over time with ease. The vastmajority of the human body (not counting critical organs such asthe heart or the brain) can be "grown back" to an extent by itself,because such parts have a rather large damage threshold.

On the contrary, teeth do not. There is a certain threshold inwhich tooth enamel can be supplied and "repaired" by the body to anminimal degree, but past that point virtually any damage caused toteeth are permanently irreparable by natural means. Which is quitestrange, given how fragile a set of human teeth is, be it chemicalor physical damage. Especially if you take more "artificial" causesinto account. A moderately heavy object aimed towards a humanmouth, for example, can easily render ten to fifteen teethpermanently damaged past the point of recovery within a heartbeat,also causing the said person's digestive process to be heavilyimpaired.

Another strange fact worth noting, is that the human body iscapable of producing two separate set of teeth due to biologicalgrowth and size differences, but not more than that. Wouldn't it bebeneficial for a biological body to be able to supply new teeth inthe place of ones that have been damaged or removed? One couldargue that such an action would be too complex and impossible,similarly to growing back an entire limb or a spare heart, butgiven the material that makes up teeth and its fragile nature, itwould be safe to assume that it is biologically possible,especially given the fact that the human body DOES produce twoseparate set of teeth over its lifespan.

However, even stranger still, is that the only element capableof damaging or deteriorating teeth by natural means, is theconsumed food itself, and the acidic bacteria foundwithin. Several types of edible food consumable by human means arecapable of damaging the enamel to critical levels within relativelyshort periods of time, even non-artificial ones. What happenedbefore the invention of the toothbrush and various dental cleaningmethods? Why haven't humans evolved in the past tens of thousandsof years to the point where repairing or regrowing teeth by naturalmeans is feasible? Simply put, why don't teeth grow back contraryto hair, nails or skin?

What is the biological and evolutionary reason behindteeth being so fragile and indisposable?

GK 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Dative Case, Linking Verb, Adjective

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