AVS-3700 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Carbonic Anhydrase, Copper Toxicity, Bilirubin
16 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Copper toxicity: free radicals damage proteins and cell membranes, the urine will be black, the kidneys will be black (they should be pink, sheep can develop yellow skin and gums due to a buildup of bilirubin. Bilirubin builds up when the liver is not functioning properly. Molybdenum: associated with copper, thiomolybdates bind copper in the gi tract and in the blood and can reduce the availability of copper, molybdenum functions as a cofactor for some enzymes for metabolism, molybdenum deficiencies are not common. Sulfate has the potential to damage cell membranes: biotransformation of sulfate removes toxicants. Thiomolybdates can sequester copper in the gut, making it very insoluble. Bile is the primary elimination route for molybdenum. A lot of wheat is enriched with selenium. When the sulfur in methionine is replaced with selenium, it can lead to a slow toxicity potential. Creation of selenium enriched functional foods is funded by the national institute of.
