ED SP 3700 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Communication Disorder, Speech Disorder, Language Disorder
9 Nov 2017
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EDSP 370 Guided Notes
Learners with Communication Disorders
What is Communication?
Communication involves encoding, transmitting, and decoding messages
– Communication involves
• A message
• A sender who expresses the message
• A receiver who responds to the message
– Functions of communication
• Narrating
• Explaining/informing
• Requesting
• Expressing
• Language is a rule-governed system of arbitrary symbols that stand for meaning
• Speech is the physical production of that system.
The 4 Speech Systems
• Respiration - the breathing that supports speech
• Voicing - the sound powered by the vocal folds/chords
• Resonance - the means by which sound is changed as it travels through the cavities of the
neck and head
• Articulation - the formation of speech sounds by the lips, tongue, and other structures
5 Components of Spoken Language
• Phonology deals with the system of speech sounds and the rules governing their use; the
smallest significant unit of sound is a phoneme
• Morphology involves the rules governing the use of the smallest significant unit of meaning,
the morpheme.
• Syntax refers to the rules of word function and word order.
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Session8_edsp370
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• Semantics is a system of rules governing the meaning of words and word combinations.
• Pragmatics is the use of social language.
Typical Development of Speech and Language
Most children follow a relatively predictable sequence in their acquisition of speech and language
– Birth to 6 months: Communication by smiling, crying, and babbling
– 7 months to 1 year: Babbling becomes differentiated
– 1 to 1.6 years: Learns to say several words
– 1.6 to 2 years: Word “spurt” begins
– 2 to 3 years: Talks in sentences, vocabulary grows
– 3 years on: Vocabulary grows
IDEA 2004 Definition
A speech or language impairment is a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired
articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, which adversely affects a child’s
educational performance.
ASHA Definition of Communication Disorders
• A speech disorder is an impairment of the articulation of speech sound, fluency, or voice.
• A language disorder is an impairment or the deviant development of comprehension and/or
use of a spoken, written, and/or other symbol system. It may involve 1) the form of language,
2) the content of language, and/or 3) the function of language in communication in any
combination.
Prevalence of Communication Disorders
• 22% of students aged 3-21 (with disabilities) received services for speech and language
impairments in 2009 (OSEP)
• About half of students receiving services under IDEA have a communication disorder as a
secondary disability
• If both primary and secondary disabilities were considered, communication disorders would
be the largest IDEA category.
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Document Summary
Communication involves: a message, a sender who expresses the message, a receiver who responds to the message. Functions of communication: narrating, explaining/informing, requesting, expressing, language is a rule-governed system of arbitrary symbols that stand for meaning, speech is the physical production of that system. 1: semantics is a system of rules governing the meaning of words and word combinations. Session8_edsp370: pragmatics is the use of social language. Most children follow a relatively predictable sequence in their acquisition of speech and language. Birth to 6 months: communication by smiling, crying, and babbling. 7 months to 1 year: babbling becomes differentiated. 1 to 1. 6 years: learns to say several words. 1. 6 to 2 years: word spurt begins. 2 to 3 years: talks in sentences, vocabulary grows. A speech or language impairment is a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, which adversely affects a child"s educational performance.
