NUTR-2030 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Portal Vein, Galactose, Maltase
Document Summary
Classification of carbohydrates: simple carbohydrates, monosaccharide, disaccharide, perceived as sweeter than complex carbohydrates, mix with saliva and react with taste buds, oligosaccharides, complex carbohydrates, polysaccharides. Long, branched chains of glucose: stored in liver and muscle xi. Liver glycogen response to blood glucose (bg) levels: bg glycogen breakdown bg xii. Muscle glycogen can be broken down for energy for the muscle. xiii. How do we digest and absorb carbohydrates: disaccharides and starches are digested to monosaccharides, monosaccharides are easily absorbed by the small intestine, fiber passes through the gi tract undigested. Why is dietary fiber so important for promoting health: benefits, helps lower risk of, bowel irregularity, constipation and diverticulitis, obesity, heart disease, cancer, diabetes. Diabetes can result in long-term damage: long-term damage from diabetes, nerve damage, leg and foot amputations, eye diseases, blindness, tooth loss, gum problems, kidney disease, heart disease.
