CLP-4143 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Statistical Significance, Institutional Review Board, Vise
Document Summary
Scientific method: state hypothesis and choose method. Statistical significance: (p-value): measure of how likely the result occurred by chance. Accepted norm is less than . 05 or 5%. Ethical issues: must get approval of study from institutional review board. Must provide confidentiality, informed consent, understanding of study, debriefing, right to refuse or withdraw, justification for deception, and right to refuse/withdraw. Case studies: detailed description/ history of one individual. Advantages: allow us to observe rare problems. , can disprove always or. Advantages: they are generalized and are hypothesis generating. Logic of causal influence requirements: correlational, proper temporal relationships, rule out third variables. Experimental studies: take population and complete random sampling and then randomly assign the groups assignments. They have a control group as well. Advantages: can see directly if independent variable affected the other variables. Disadvantages: confined in what you can study or manipulate. Meta-analyses: taking a population of studies and combining effect sizes.
