BIOL 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Mitosis, Cell Theory, Cytokinesis

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chocolateoyster191

25 May 2016

School

Iowa State University

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 211

Professor

All

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Document Summary

Cell theory: all organisms are composed of cells (excluding viruses, all cells come from other cells. There are 2 processes: replication of genome (dna, cellular vision (cytokinesis) Diploid cells have 2 copies of dna (2n) Haploid cells have 1 copy of dna (n) Divide by mitosis and produce 2 genetically identical daughet cells, ex, tissue growth. Divide by meiosis produce 4 genetically distinct haploid daughter cells. Produce gametes, always produces haploid cells from diploid cells (2n n) A single individual is the only parent (parent cell) All gene copies of the parent cell are passed to its offspring (2 daughter cells) Cell growth and replication of dna: mitotic phase. G1 s (dna synthesis) g2 mitosis cytokinesis. A typical human cell has 2 meter of dna (250,000x greater than the cell"s diameter! Before cell can divide, it must copy its dna then separate those two copies. To make these tasks manageable, dna molecules are packaged into chromosomes.

Related Questions

1) A tissue in a mouse contains two types of cells: one that divides rapidly and one that divides more slowly. The most likely difference between these two cell types is that the slow-dividing cell type spends more time in phase

G1, G2, G3, M, or S

2) In meiosis II

a- four genetically identical cells are generated

b- sister chromatids are separated

c- DNA replication occurs

d- crossing over occurs

e- both a and b

3) The four haploid nuclei found at the end of meiosis differ from one another in their exact genetic composition. Some of this difference is the result of?

a- cytokinesis

b- replication of DNA during the S phase

c- separation of sister chromatids at anaphase II

d- spindle formation

e- crossing over during prophase I

4) Which of the following does not occur during mitotic prometaphase?

a- disappearance of the nuclear envelope

b- initial movement of chromosomes towards the equatorial plate

c- adhesion of chromatids at the centromere

d- pairing of homologous chromosomes

e- disappearance of the nuclei

Carefully read the following statements about cell division (1) After meiosis, the number of chromosomes in the newly formed cell is the same as that in the parent cell. Whereas, in mitosis, the chromosome number in daughter cell is reduced to half. (2) Cytokinesis is a highly regulated event in which cellular organelles are evenly distributed forming two daughter cells. (3) In Meiosis, DNA replication occurs only once whereas the cells divide twice and it is the mechanism that produces genetic variation in daughter cells. (4) In diplotene, chiasmata are formed between homologous chromosomes followed by crossing over and segregation of sister chromatids. (5)The kinetochore is a DNA protein complex which serves as the attachment point for spindle fibers. Which of the above statement or combination of statements is correct?

Question 1 (2 points)

In which phase of cell division is marked by the dissolution of the nuclear membrane, the condensation of chromosomes, and the formation of the mitotic spindle?

Question 1 options:

	prophase
	metaphase
	telophase
	anaphase

Question 2 (2 points)

The physical separation of cells during cell division is called:

Question 2 options:

	Cytokinesis
	Telophase
	Interphase
	Chromosome
	Cell plate

Question 3 (2 points)

Meiosis is necessary for sexual reproduction; the gametes formed during this process before fertilization are _______________.

Question 3 options:

	Haploid
	Diploid
	Zygote
	Homologous
	Tetrads

Question 4 (2 points)

Mitosis is the process by which a ___________ cell separates the chromosomes in its nucleus into two identical sets of nuclei.

Question 4 options:

	eukaryotic
	prokaryotic
	bacterial
	all of these are correct

Question 5 (2 points)

Which of the following statements about crossing over is INCORRECT?

Question 5 options:

	It occurs between homologous chromosomes
	It allows for two parents to produce many different types of offspring
	It contributes to genetic diversity in a population
	It occurs during prophase I of mitosis

BIOL 211 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Mitosis, Cell Theory, Cytokinesis

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