BIO 11 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Osteology, Weight-Bearing, Endosteum
Document Summary
Protection: skeleton protects vital organs such as the brain. Mineral storage and acid-base homeostasis: bone stores minerals such as ca2+ and (po4)3 . Blood cell formation: red bone marrow is the site of blood cell formation. Fat storage: yellow bone marrow stores triglycerides. Movement: muscles produce body movement via their attachment to bones. Support: the skeleton supports the weight of the body. Long - longer than they are wide (humerus, femur) Short - long as its width (carpals, tarsals) Flat - thin and broad (bones of the skull, clavicle, ribs, sternum, pelvis) Irregular - irregular shape (vertebrae and certain skull bones) Sesamoid - round, flats bone found within tendons (patella) Medullary cavity bone marrow filled cavity. Covered with a thin layer of hyaline/articular cartilage. Allows bones to rub together with reduced friction at joints. Epiphyseal lines - remnants of the epiphyseal/growth plate. Dense irregular collagenous connective tissue that is richly supplied with blood vessels and nerves.
