NUR 349 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chronic Lung Disease, Necrotizing Enterocolitis, Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Document Summary
Result of a primary absence, deficiency, or alteration in pulmonary. Surfactant is necessary to maintain alveolar stability: not enough surfactant leads to poor gas exchange, pulmonary vasoconstriction, hypoxia, acidemia and eventually respiratory failure. S&s: cyanosis, tachypnea, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions & apnea. Chronic lung disease following premature birth and respiratory. Leads to damaged alveolar sacs leading to poor ventilation/perfusion. More common in infants born <30 weeks (antenatal steroids & surfactant replacement therapy have decreased risk) Can occur in term neonates: mec aspiration/pneumonia/sepsis/diaphragmatic hernia. Infants born before 30 weeks of pregnancy are at highest risk for. The smaller and more premature the infant, the higher the risk for. This is because blood vessels in the brain of premature infants are not yet fully developed and are extremely fragile. The blood vessels grow stronger after 30 weeks of pregnancy. Ivh is more common in premature babies who have had respiratory distress syndrome, high blood pressure, and other conditions.
