BIOS10162 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Missense Mutation, Sickle-Cell Disease, Nonsense Mutation
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31 Aug 2016
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Knowledge of a mutation abnormal protein produced by mutation drug targeted to that protein. A change in the nucleotide sequence of dna; can be passed to other cells and organisms. Occur in somatic cells and passed on during mitosis. Occur in cells that give rise to gametes. Occurs on a region of noncoding dna or occurs without causing a change in amino acid sequence (redundancy of genetic code) Usually result in genetic diversity not phenotypically expressed. May affect mrna stability or rate of translation affects abundance of protein phenotypically expressed. Gene is not expressed or expressed gene doesn"t produce functional protein. Conditional mutation: affects phenotype under restrictive conditions. Point mutations addition/subtraction/substitution of a single nucleotide/ base. Changes the mrna sequence may/may not affect protein. Reduce the functional efficiency of a protein or inactivate it. One or two nucleotides inserted or deleted causes frame shift for codon reading. Completely different aa sequence always nonfunctional protein.
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