BIOL 411 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Monosomy, Nondisjunction, S Phase

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11 Jan 2017

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Ta(cid:396)ts the st(cid:396)a(cid:374)d, (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h dna poly(cid:373)e(cid:396)ase (cid:272)a(cid:374)"t do: dna polymerase removes the rna primers and replaces them with dna nucleotides, which fills in the gaps between the fragments. Dna ligase fo(cid:396)(cid:373)s the phosphodieste(cid:396) (cid:271)o(cid:374)d (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) the 3" oh of o(cid:374)e nucleotide and the monophosphate of the other nucleotide. Aka: dna polymerase fills the gaps and dna ligase fills the gaps. Ha(cid:448)e a spe(cid:272)ial st(cid:396)u(cid:272)tu(cid:396)e that"s (cid:1010) (cid:374)u(cid:272)leotides lo(cid:374)g a(cid:374)d is (cid:396)epeated hundreds of times. Reflects a different mode of dna replication. Telomerase is used as template to keep adding the nucleotide sequence. The sequence you lose becomes the sequence you made. At the origin of replication, there are two replication forks going out in either direction (cid:396)esulti(cid:374)g i(cid:374) a (cid:862)(cid:271)u(cid:271)(cid:271)le(cid:863: the bubbles get bigger and finally collide. Cdk cyclin turns on the origin of replication in order to move from g1 phase to s phase in the cell cycle.

Related Questions

During DNA replication, which of the following would you expectto be true?
True or False: and why.

1. More ligase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
2. More primase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
3. More helicase would be associated with the lagging strand thanwith the leading strand.
4. DNA ligase links the 3' end of one Okazaki fragment to the 5'end of another Okazaki fragment in the lagging strand.
5. In the lagging strand, the enzyme DNA polymerase III thatproduces the next Okazaki fragment also removes the short segmentof primer RNA on the previous Okazaki fragment.

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1. During DNA replication, proteins unwind the DNA duplex, and separate the DNA strands. Those proteins include:

a.) DNA polymerase and ligase

b.) Single-stranded DNA binding and protein primase

c.) Helicase and DNA polymerase

d.) Helicase and single-stranded DNA binding protein

2. What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

a.) The particular DNA polymerase catalyzing the reaction

b.) The relative amounts of the four nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, CTP, and TTP) in the cell

c.) The nucleotide sequence of the template strand

d.) The primase used in the reaction

e.) Both A and D

3. The leading and the lagging strands differ in that

a.) The leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction.

b.) The leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3â hydroxyl (OH) end of the growing strand, and the lagging strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5â phosphate (PO4) end.

c.) The leading strand is synthesized continuously, whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together.

d.) Both A and B

e.) Both A and C

1) What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication? Place the following steps of DNA replication in right chronological order.

1. Primase adds an ribonucleotide primer
2. Initiator proteins bind the origin of replication and helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between complementary bases of double stranded template DNA
3. DNA polymerase III extends by complementary base pairing deoxyribonucleotides to the template strands
4. Ligase phosphodiester bonds the nucleotides to connect okazaki fragments nad connect fragments at the origin and where the "crotches or forks" collide
5. DNA polymerase I removes RNA primer and replaces with Deoxyribonucleotides

2) Given the template DNA and primer sequences below, what bases will be added to the primer as DNA replication proceeds? (The bases should appear in the order that they will be added)

5'-GTCGTCTCCCTTTTTAAAAACCCCCCC-3'
5'-UUUUUAAAAAGGG-3'

3) Given the DNA sequence below, what could be a primer sequence used in its replication?
5'-CGTACGGCCCCAAAATTGCTACTCTGCTG-3'

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BIOL 411 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Monosomy, Nondisjunction, S Phase

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