BIOL 2299 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Stem Cell, Spinal Cord, Blastocyst
19 Jan 2016
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Can give rise to multiple cell types, including more stem. Stem cell formed as sperm and egg meet. Potential to grow into new human being and placenta to nourish embryo as it grows. First few divisions: undifferentiated: differentiation begins as division continues and specific signals limit cell"s potential. One week after fertilization: embryo blastocyst: cells outside placenta, cells inside (inner cell mass) cells of body. Two weeks after fertilization: 3 layers of embryo - each layer will give rise to different set of cell types. Skin, nervous system, face and neck parts. Digestive and respiratory tracts and glands that feed into them (pancreas and liver) Adult stem cells play role in growth, maintenance and repair. Some stem cells wait for signal to divide. Give rise to just few cells types: ex. Bone marrow somatic stem cells among large numbers of differentiated cells. Found in brain, blood, blood vessels, muscle, skin, teeth, heart, gut and liver.
