BIOL-UA 21 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Wd40 Repeat, Bromodomain, Histone H1
11 Nov 2016
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Lecture 11: chromosomes ii: dna packaging in cells: chromosomes are made up of a mixture of dna, rna and protein and together, it is known as chromatin, modern description of chromosomes, chromosome structure is dynamic: Darker chromosomal areas is heterochromatin where there isn"t much activity such as transcription. Thread-like chromosomal structures aren"t seen as the chromosomes are decondensed. Region of the chromosome that attaches to the mitotic spindle is called the centromere. These structures are two individual chromosomes; sister chromatids. Mitosis is at the stage where each chromosome is replicated. The chromatids are kept together by cohesin rings in the s phase. Cohesin rings are taken off the chromatid arms when ready to go through mitosis. Centromere is held together by cohesin, to allow spindle binding so that segregation can occur: visualizing mitotic chromosomes: Dna after the chromosomes are subjected to mild heat of proteolysis; this yields g bands. The giemsa pattern determines what chromosome it is.
