BIOLOGY 1113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Genetic Screen, Gene Expression, Peptide

• School: Ohio State University
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOLOGY 1113
• Professor: Eric Danhart

Document Summary

All credit goes to freeman biology 6th edition 2017. Gene expression- set of processes, transcription/translation, converting info in. Null/loss of function alleles- mutant allele does not produce functional product. One-gene, one enzyme hypothesis- each gene is responsible for making one enzyme, includes genes producing non-enzyme proteins and rna. Genetic screen- technique identifying individuals w/ type of mutation. Link b/w dna as information repository and proteins(cellular machines) is indirect(dna is inside nucleus, protein synthesis takes place inside cytoplasm). Mrna- rna molecule transcribed from dna carrying information(codons), specifying amino acid sequence of polypeptide. Rna polymerase- enzyme catalyzing synthesis of rna from ribonucleotides using. Rna contains base u in place of t. Transcription(nucleus)- process of using dna template to make rna molecule w/ base sequence complementary to dna(happens by rna polymerase)(copy of information). Translation(cytoplasm)- using information from mrna to synthesize proteins(information translated into proteins by ribosomes). Collection of proteins in cell at certain time makes connection b/w genotype to phenotype.