ANSI 3423 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Gene Expression, Chromosome, Gregor Mendel
2 Jun 2017
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Document Summary
Pivotal position in the entire subject of biology. Central to numerous aspects of human affairs. The study of heredity: heredity: something we inherit from our parents. Five disciplines of genetics: classical, cytogenetic, molecular, population, quantitative. The genetic material of most living organisms. Prokaryotes: singular circular chromosome, no true nucleus, bacteria. Eukaryotes: linear chromosome, true nucleus (nucleus exists, animal, plants, protozoa, yeast, algae, usually in pairs (diploid) Process by which a gene produces its product and the product carries the functions. Product of gene expression: proteins: proteins: Dna is copied into rna by enzyme: translation. Rna is decoded by a ribosome to product a specific aa chain (this is the genetic code) *the genetic code is made up of 20 aa in proteins and only four bases in dna (a, Each aa is specified by a three nucleotide sequence. Any given gene can exist in several forms that differ from each other.
