11:115:301 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Catabolism, Enolase, Cellular Respiration
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22 Sep 2019
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Be able to recognize the various forms of significant cofactors: Atp 2 high energy anhydride bonds. Frequently used as a reductant in the oxidation of substrates. Especially if c-oh is oxidized to c=o. More often found in cells in the reduced form nadph. Po4 on nadp+ distinguishes for use in anabolic reactions as opposed to catabolic reactions that use nad+ Oxidizing c-c is a lower energy process. How they are used in the cells + vitamin precursor. Coupling atp hydrolysis (favorable) with another reaction changes the standard free energy change by -7. 3 kcal/mol. Dramatic shift in keq for the overall reaction. Catabolism - kreb"s diagram of 3 stages of catabolism. Stage 1 = hydrolysis of large molecules/polymers. Stage 2 = fats, sugars, aas acetyl coa. Glycolysis is a stage ii process + anaerobic. Stage 3 = aerobic metabolism of acetyl coa (kreb"s or citric acid cycle) + oxidative phosphorylation. Produces much more atp than the previous 2 stages.
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