GENE 320 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Spermatid, Oogenesis, Spermatocyte
Document Summary
*transmission of genetic material between generations is through the processes of mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis creates identical information while meiosis diversi es the traits within the chromosomes. Meiosis: converts the diploid number of chromosomes to the haploid number and leads to production of gametes. Mitosis: leads to the production of two cells each with the same number of chromosomes as the parents cell. Dna in the nucleus is complexed with an array of acidic and basic proteins into thin bers. Non-divisional phases allow the bers to remain uncoiled. Chromatin bers coil and condense to form chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis. Chromatid - strand of dna with a centromere. Chromosome is a centromere with at least one chromatid. S phase where dna is synthesized two gap phases (g1 & g2) G0 phase is a point in the g1 phase where cells withdraw from the cell cycle and enter a nondividing but metbolically active state.
