BMB 401 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Nucleophile, Conjugate Acid, Enzyme Catalysis
16 Dec 2016
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Document Summary
They are mostly proteins although some rnas can be enzymes called ribozymes in translation. Reaction rates = enzymes catalyze reactions at much higher rates than chemical counterparts. Reaction conditions = occur under mild temps (0-50 ), close to neutral ph and around 1 atm. In contract chemical catalysts usually require elevated temps, pressures and ph extremes. Reaction specificity = enzymes are very substrate specific in comparison to chemical counterparts due to the unique physical and chemical properties of their active sites. Regulatory control = enzyme activity is tightly regulates by allosteric modulators, covalent modifications and feedback loops. There are 6 classes of enzymes and the names help explain the functions. 1 = oxidoreductase and these are involved in reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions. 2 = transferase and these are involved in transferase of functional groups. 3 = hydrolase and these are involved in bond cleavage with h2o (opposite of dehydration synthesis).
